[Mycetoma in prehispanic Mexico. Review in the skeletical collection of Tlatilco culture]. / Micetoma en México prehispánico. Estudio en la colección esquelética de la cultura de Tlatilco.

In this text, we described a case of mycetoma (an osteophylic mycotic disease) found in the Tlatilco skeletal collection. The osseous lesions presented the characteristic features for the diagnosis of mycetoma. It had clinical similarities with the actual prevalence features. The topic Tlatilco culture included ecosystem characteristics and daily activities proper for this culture, showing and comparing the uncertainty of this disease nowadays.

Micetoma: [revisión] / Mycetoma: [review]

El micetoma es una enfermedad crónica, inflamatoria, subcutánea y granulomatosa, causada por diferentes especies de hongos (eumicetoma), actinomicetos (actinomicetoma) o bacterias como Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Botriomicosis). Esta patología ocurre entre latitudes15 al sur y 30 Norte y es endémica en áreas relativamente áridas. Los microorganismos causales están presentes en el suelo y pueden entrar al tejido subcutáneo por inoculación traumática. El micetoma comúnmente afecta adultos entre 20 y 40 años, predominantemente hombres. El pie es el sitio más comúnmente afectado. El micetoma se presenta como una inflamación subcutánea progresiva. Se desarrollan múltiples nódulos, los cuales supuran y drenan a través de senos, descargando granos durante la fase activa de la enfermedad. El diagnóstico se basa en radiología, imágenes ultrasónicas, citología, cultivo e inmunodiagnóstico. El actinomicetoma es susceptible a tratamiento antibiótico prolongado, preferiblemente con varias medicaciones. El Eumicetoma se trata con excisión quirúrgica agresiva combinada con tratamiento médico y la botriomicosis se trata con antibióticos una vez establecido el diagnóstico, ojalá con aislamiento del agente causal.

Mycetoma is a chronic, granulomatous, subcutaneous, inflammatory disease caused by different fangal species (Eumycetoma), actinomycetes (Actimonycetoma), or bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (Botryomycosis). It occurs between the latitudes of 15 South and 30. North and is endemic in relatively arid areas. The organisms are present in the soil and may enter the subcutaneous tissue by traumatic inoculation. Mycetoma commonly affects adults aged 20 to 40 years, predominantly males. The foot is most commonly affected. Mycetoma presents itself as progressive, subcutaneous swelling. Multiple nodules develop which may supúrate and drain through sinuses, discharging grains during the active phase of the disease. Diagnosis may involve radiology, ultrasonic imaging, cytology, culture, histology, or immunodiagnosis. Actinomycetoma is amenable to prolonged treatment by antibiotics, preferably by combining several medications. Eumycetoma is usually treated by aggressive surgical excision combined with medical treatment and Botryomycosis is treated with antibiotics upon establushment of the diagnosis preferably after isolation of the causal agent.

Unusual pathological condition in the lower extremities of a skeleton from ancient Israel.

We report here an unusual pathology in a 1,500-year-old skeleton recovered from Bet Guvrin, Israel. The pathological changes in the lower extremities and the diagnostic difficulties are presented. We attribute this condition to Madura foot, found primarily in tropical and subtropical regions, although other diagnoses are possible and are noted. We discuss its appearance in the region in light of the historical context.

Mycetoma.

Mycetoma is the most common deep mycosis in humans. It is a chronic, progressive, and destructive disease primarily caused by actinomycetes (98%). Mycetoma involves the skin and soft tissues, often bone, and occasionally the central nervous system, lungs, and other internal organs. It is found mainly in men working in the fields of countries located in tropical areas. Management with chemotherapy (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, sulfonamides, amikacin, and others) is mandatory.